Mixing Methods
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Straight Dough Method |
In its simplest form, the straight dough method consists of only one step: Combine all ingredients in the mixing bowl and mix. Many bakers make good quality products by using this procedure. However, there is the possibility that the yeast may not be evenly distributed in the dough. It is therefore safer to mix the yeast separately with a little of the water.
Procedure:
1. Soften the yeast in a little of the water, Fresh yeast, mix about twice its weight in water, or more. Ideal water temperature is 100 F. Active dry yeast: mix with about four times its weight in water. Ideal water temperature is 110 F.
2. Combine the remaining ingredients, including the rest of the water, in the mixing bowl. Add the dissolved yeast, taking care not to let it come in contact with the salt.
3. Mix to a smooth, developed dough.
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Modified Straight Dough Method |
For rich sweet doughs, the straight dough method is modified to ensure even distribution of fat and sugar.
1. Soften the yeast in part of the liquid, using a separate container.
2. Combine the fat, sugar, salt, milk solids, and flavorings and mix until well combined, but do not whip until light.
3. Add the eggs gradually, as fast as they are absorbed.
4. Add the liquid and mix briefly.
5. Add the flour and yeast. Mix to a smooth dough.
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Sponge Method |
Sponge doughs are prepared in two stages. This procedure gives the yeast action a head start.
1. Combine the liquid, the yeast, and part of the flour ( and sometimes part of the sugar). Mix into a thick batter or soft dough. Let ferment until double in bulk.
2. Punch down and add the rest of the flour and the remaining ingredients. Mix to a uniform, smooth dough.
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Cake Mixing two step method: |
The first step in making high-ratio cakes is blending the flour and other dry ingredients with shortening. When this mixture is smooth, the liquids (including eggs) are added in stages. Throughout this procedure, it is important to follow two rules:
1. Mix at low speed and observe correct mixing times. This is important to develop proper texture.
2. Stop the machine and scrape down the sides of the bowl frequently during the mixing. This is important to develop a smooth, well mixed batter.
Procedure: Two step method
1. Scale ingredients accurately. Have all ingredients at room temperature.
2. Sift the flour, baking powder, soda, and salt into the mixing bowl and add the shortening. With the paddle attachment, mix at low speed for 2 minutes. Stop the machine, scrape down the bowl and beater, and mix again for 2 minutes.
If melted chocolate is used, blend it in during this step.
If cocoa is used, sift it with flour in this step or with the sugar in step 3.
3. Sift the remaining dry ingredients into the bowl and add part of the water or milk. Blend at low speed for 3 to 5 minutes. Scrape down the sides of the bowl and the beater several times to ensure even mixing.
4. Combine the remaining liquids and lightly beaten eggs. With the mixer running, add this mixture to the batter in three parts. After each part, turn off the machine and scrape down the bowl.
continue mixing for a total of 5 minutes in this stage. The finished batter will normally be quite liquid.
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Cake making methods |
Sugar batter method
To achieve the best possible results, a temperature of approximately 70°F (21°C) should be aimed at and the materials used should be brought to this temperature prior to mixing.
1 The fat, margarine, or butter is first beaten to a light foam with the sugar. With fat and margarine, this can be effected in about 4 minutes but butter is difficult to cream and will require at least three times as long. Color and essences should be added at this stage.
2 The egg is now added and beaten in. If a machine is employed, the egg can be added in a steady stream over a period of about 2 minutes. If mixing is done by hand, add the egg in about four portions, beating each well in.
3 Add the flour and carefully mix it into the batter. The aim should be to get a clear smooth batter without lumps and yet not toughened.
4 Lastly, add any liquid, for example milk, fruit, nuts, etc., and blend into the batter carefully to ensure even distribution.
Flour batter method
1 Mix the sugar with the egg and whisk to a half sponge. Add any color or essence at this stage.
2 Cream the fat (margarine or butter) with an equal proportion of flour.
3 Add (1) to (2) in about four portions, blending each portion of the half sponge well into the fat/flour cream.
4 Blend into the batter the remainder of the flour, so that a smooth mixing free of lumps will result.
5 Lastly, add any other materials such as milk, fruit, nuts, etc., and blend in carefully to ensure even distribution.
Note: Dry ingredients like cocoa, baking powder, and ground almonds, are always added with the flour.
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THE BISCUIT METHOD |
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THE MUFFIN METHOD |
- Sift together the dry ingredients.
- Combine all liquid ingredients, including melted fat or oil.
- Add the liquids to the dry ingredients and mix just until all flour is moistened. The batter will look lumpy. Do not overmix.
- Pan and bake immediately. The dry and liquid mixtures may be prepared in advance. But once the mixtures are combined, the batter should be baked without delay, or loss of volume may result.
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THE CREAMING METHOD |
- Combine the fat, sugar, salt, spices and milk powder (if used) in the bowl of a mixer fitted with the paddle attachment.
- Blend to a smooth paste.
- Add the eggs and blend in thoroughly.
- Add the water or milk (liquid) and mix in.
- Sift together the flour and baking powder. Add to the bowl and mix to a smooth dough.
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